Osteochondrosis is the most severe form of degenerative -dynian lesion of the spine, based on the defeat of the pulpic core of the intervertebral disk, deforming the body and nervous systems and bloody systems, as well as pathologies and pathologies.
One of the most common forms of osteochondrosis is the lumbar region of osteochondrosis, or more precisely the lumbosacral spine.Many people - both men and women - know the back pain in the lower back, the sacrum, the lower limbs caused by various types and complications of lumbar osteochondrosis.Among the causes of temporary disability and disability, this disease occupies one of the first places.
The course of the disease is chronic, usually with aggravation periods.Most often, lumbar linema lifting and weights, hypothermia, stress and injury transmission are provoked.
Osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine - causes, occurrence and development mechanism
There was no clear reason for osteochondrosis, and the disease is considered to be polyiferious.The most popular theory is that the cause of osteochondrosis of the spine is the constant overload of the muscles or the hypotension of the muscles, the non -physiological muscle tension that resulted in the result of invertebrates and results, and the result of the result, which resultsThe result is the result of the result, which is the result of the result, which is the result of the result, which is the result of the result, which is the result of the result, which is the result of the result, which is the result of the result, which is the result of the result.Osteochondrosis.
Premature aging of intervertebral discs can also be caused by endocrine and metabolic disorders, which are inherited to develop osteochondrosis, autoimmune disorders and microtrauma.The visceral role, that is, the pathologies related to the internal organs, have also been proven in the development of osteocondrosis of the spine.An important role in developing the disease belongs to the unfavorable heritage.The contribution of hereditary factors to the appearance of lumbar osteochondrosis is approximately 60%, and the rest indicates the factors of the harmful external influence on the spine.
Factors that contribute to the development of osteochondrosis are very many in other parts of the lumbar and other spine.The most important of these are: inadequate posture, hypodynamia, muscle exhaust in the lumbar region of constant wearing weights or sharp overload, hormonal restructuring, endocrine and somatic diseases, violation of normal blood supply to the spine, emotional stress, maladies.These factors have the process of dehydration and circulatory disorders, arthrosis and subluxation processes in small joints, bone growth and plates - the hernia gradually increases.
The most obvious causes of lumbar osteochondrosis are most often considered as a sedentary lifestyle and back injury.Therefore, the risk group also includes people whose profession is directly related to the back load.This is a very wide range of professions - for sale and waiters, surgeons and teachers - all those who are forced to stand most of their working hours.The risk group includes builders and movers, as well as athletes who, in the nature of the activity, raise heavy burdens on the spine.In addition, drivers, various office workers, programmers - that is, those whose work is mostly sitting and hypodynamia suffer from lumbar osteochondrosis.
Symptoms of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine
-CircleosteochondrosisPainful feelings of various nature are possible.This can be a painful pain that involves a protracted seat or after sleeping, as well as sharp shooting, causing the most unmatched pose and does not allow the opportunity to straighten.The pain is located in the nerve roots of the nerves, the spinal nerves, the irritation of the edema and the muscles and the leagues in the innervation zone of the lumbar spine.
Pain syndrome can be caused by compression of radicemic structures (radiculopathy), spinal compression (compression myelopathy), spinal damage due to blood supply damage, nutrients and veins (compression-vascular myelohemia).
The compression may be caused: the protrusion and hernia of the intervertebral discs, spondylolistz (sliding the vertebrae behind the underlying), the increase in osteophytes and cartilage tissue in the vertebrate segment.As a resultThe lumbar region osteochondrosisThe spine leads to the reduction of the channel through which the cerebrospinal nerves or vascular structures pass through and under certain conditions (discomfort, physical activity, failure of the body, etc.), compression (grip) can occur.Compression of nerve structures leads to various pain syndromes and muscle cramps.The compression of blood vessels causes violation of blood supply - the organ that nourishes from this or artery begins.
Clinical syndromes of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine
The lumbar osteochondrosis clinical picture is the spinal symptoms (changes in lumbar spine statics and dynamics) and the haunted symptoms that are meant in the lumbosacral region as a violation of the lumbosacral region in the lumbosacral region.
The vertebrate syndromes of lumbar osteochondrosis
In the case of lumbar osteochondrosis, vertebrate syndrome is characterized by a complex of the following symptoms:
- Violation of the Functional Anatomical Segment Configuration of the spine is: increasing or (less frequent) growth of lordosis, skoliosis, or lordoscoliosis (less frequently);
- Violation of mobility in the lumbar region, a reduction in the amount of movements, muscle-tonic imbalance caused by the tension of both deep and superficial multi-humane muscles;
- Local pain and pain with active and passive movements, causing reflex tonic muscle tension;
- violation of both the intervertebral disc and the spinal cinema segment in general;
- Local pain (increased sensitivity) of the spine bone-league structures in the affected area (pain during palpation, local (regional) spinal and/or vertebrate pain syndrome).
It is important to note that the osteochondrosis of the lumbar class can always be observed.The presence of signs of myelopathy, radiculopathy, and myelorenikulopathy, without obvious clinical and morphological signs of vertebrate syndrome, usually requires a more accurate ("non -sculpture") examination of the patient when primary ("non -multiple").
Extrovertebral (reflex and compression) syndromes for lumbar spine osteochondrosis
Extrovertebral syndromes are divided into two large groups: reflex and compression.
Reflex syndromeThey pre -pre -compression and are caused by irritation of receptors from the spinal canal from the spinal canal through the intervertebral holes.Irritation can be caused by intervertebral hernia, bone growth, vascular disorders (edema, blood circulation deterioration) and inflammation.In some cases, this leads to intense pain that occurs not only locally, but also to the distance from the nerve to a distance away from the site of irritation -the so -called "reflected pain", the reflected pain can be short and acute ("shift") or stupid long -term.Vegetative disorders (burning, gooseboats, impaired sensitivity) are possible in the injured nerve innervation zone.Myofascial pain is possible - muscle spasm, which leads to restrictive movements.
Reflex syndromes include lumbago ("shift") in the acute development of the disease and lumbalgia with a subacute or chronic course.
Compression syndromes are syndromes that occur in the area of lumbar spine segments due to compression, nerve violations, blood vessels, spinal cord segments.Compression syndromes of osteochondrosis of the lumbosacral class are divided into radicular and vascular system.A special case of compression syndrome is myelopathy - a spinal cord violation.
Medicine syndrome (radiculopathy) usually occurs due to the protrusions of the disc, which causes violation of cerebrospinal roots.The radical symptoms that arise in this case correspond to the level of the affected spine segment.Most often it affects the roots of L4-S1.
Vascular-brown nervous system disorders are caused by compression of the hernia on the spine and the root artery.At the same time, the "paralyzing ishias" can develop catastrophically characterized by peripheral paresis or paralysis of foot extension muscles.In such cases, the appearance of motor disorders is accompanied by the disappearance of pain.
It causes even more severe nervous system manifestations to violate the blood supply to the spinal cord due to damage to the radical spine arteries.At the same time, chronic discirical myelopathy develops, usually at the lumbar thickening level of the spinal cord.
The most favorable version of lumbar vertical radicular syndromes is the compression of "ponytail" - so -called caudal syndrome.Most often it is caused by decreasing medinal hernia, which squeezes all its roots at the level of the affected segment.
What is the lumbar spine osteochondrosis?What are your symptoms?How to treat lumbar osteochondrosis?
Clinical classification of osteochondrosis of the lumbar region.Osteochondrosis
Gradual classification of lumbar osteochondrosis is used for systematic characteristics of clinical manifestations of the disease.This classification systematically describes the symptoms of the disease and from the moment the patient causes pain.
1 degree osteochondrosis
It occurs when a vertebral disc caused by sharp movement or surge.It manifests itself suddenly with pain, the passage of the electrical current in the spine and the muscles are reflected.
2 degrees osteochondrosis
The second degree may occur as the symptoms of intervertebral protrusion and spinal instability.Chronic pain increases at loads.Remission and aggravation intervals alternate.The cervical region is characterized by cervical pain, increasing after a long stay, headache, hand pain, shoulder pain, periodic discomfort or numbness of fingers.For the lumbar region - lower back pain, pain in the gluteal region, periodic pain in the sacrum, frequent fatigue of the legs.
3 degrees osteochondrosis
It shows itself in the intervertebral disk's hernia (along the affected nerve pain, numbness of arms or legs, walking, headache changes) or distant symptoms of intervertebral hernia (in the cervical spine in hiking in the cars:Fairy, symptoms, damage to heart rhythm, difficulty of breathing;
4 degree of osteochondrosis
It is generally accepted that the fourth degree of osteochondrosis begins from the moment the hernia is no longer manifested, the manifestation of the disease may be reduced, but the symptoms of the spine instability, the slide of the vertebrae, or the complete fixation are still relative.Manifestations of the growth of the spinal bodies (osteophytes) may be attached to them, which can also print or overlap the spinal nerves (secondary stenosis of the spinal canal) and press the spinal cord (spinal cord ischemia).In addition, the fourth degree includes the consequences of surgical intervention when the hernia is immediately removed (various innervation, parachis, inflammation).
Treatment of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine
Due to the first acute lower back pain, you should consult a doctor to make a diagnosis to exclude the attack of kidney colic, appendicitis, or other illnesses requiring medical attention.
If the cause of back pain and this aggravation of osteochondrosis of the lumbar spine, first and foremost, the load on the spine should be maximized.You need to pay attention to bed rest for 3-7 days - sometimes it can only significantly reduce the pain.But to accelerate healing, this is correct, that is, effective treatment.You should smooth your own defense and health processes in the human body.Treatment should take into account the localization of the lesion, the stage of the disease, the functional state of the body and its unique systems.The surgical treatment of this disease is only initiated in very serious cases.Most often, various methods of conservative treatment of osteochondrosis are used.
Conservative treatment of lumbar osteochondrosis
Conservative treatment methods are primarily drug treatment.In order to reduce pain and reduce inflammation, which is often the cause of vertebrate syndrome, it is prescribed in the form of injections in the form of non -steroid anti -inflammatory drugs (NSAID).Occasionally after injection, analgesic, the pain is depressed and does not continue even when the duration of the medicinal substance ends.This means that you can break the vicious circle in which the pain leads to muscle cramps and the muscle tension in turn increases the pain.However, if the pain lasts a long time, it is important to note that NSAIDs usually have different side effects and can cause unwanted complications with prolonged use -a reduction in the number of leukocytes in the blood, gastrointestinal complications.
Often sedative (sedative) agents are required to improve the general condition of patients within 1-3 weeks and small doses of antidepressants.The lumbar spine with osteochondrosis, if necessary, is produced by Novocaine blockade.Recently, anticonvulsants drugs have been successfully used to relieve pain.
Surgery to reduce compression syndromes, hand therapy, adhesion treatment (spine traction) and special cases - surgery.
When weakening the fixation properties of the spinal ligament and consistency set, the fasteners - corsets, collar, bandage, etc.However, using only a limited period of time can be used when using the fastening tools, as they are used to weaken the muscles.And patients with osteochondrosis of the spine in the future are extremely important in strengthening their own muscle champion.
After removing acute symptoms, the task of creating muscle recording is primarily to stimulate regeneration processes of damaged structures.To do this, use therapeutic gymnastics, reflexology, massage.To do this, use chondroprotectors (drugs to restore cartilage tissue).Also, drugs that improve blood vessels (angioprotectors), vitamins, primarily group B, calcium preparations, which improve the condition of bone tissue.
Physiotherapy procedures are widely used to treat the spine osteochondrosis.They reduce tissue pain and edema, improve blood circulation and stimulate muscle fixation.The procedures can be combined and alternatives.Such methods of physiotherapy treatment:
- Darsonvalization of the rear affected area and the affected area of the affected limbs;
- electrophoresis;
- Low energy laser radiation;
- ultrasound;
- exposure to the magnetic field;
- Thermal procedures.
Sanatorium, mud, ozokeritic, paraffin applications, radon, sulfide, hydrogen sulfide, turpentine and other baths are successfully used;
It should be remembered that this lasts quite a long time to develop complete regeneration in favorable conditions in the sixth month.Therefore, the treatment should be long.This should be done in a combined way, that is, the drugs with physiotherapy and physiotherapy exercises.